Hopper type oil stove or heater



Jan. 3, 1939.

c. L; HAGAN 2,142,507

HOPPER TYPE OIL STOVE OR HEATER Jan. 3, 1939. c. L. HAGAN 2,142,507

HOPPER TYPE OIL STOVE OR HEATER Filed Oct. 23, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 3, 1939 UNITED STATES EATENT OFFICE 1 Claim.

This invention relates to an oil burning stove or heater.

The object of this invention is to provide an arrangement including an air entry conduit, an

air drum and an air delivery tube, forming part of the heater whereby to supply the oil spray discharged by the oil nozzle with pre-heated air to form a more readily combustible mixture and to thus increase the efficiency of the heater.

Another object of this invention relates to the provision of the air drum and air delivery tube wholly within the combustion chamber of the heater.

A further object of the invention relates to the l mounting of the heater, oil supply tank and connections therebetween on a single heat insulated platform and to further provide between the heater and tank a pair of vertical spaced baffie walls to prevent the heat from reaching the tank.

Figure 1 is an elevational view of the oil heat-- er, oil supply tank and intervening baflie plates mounted on a platform,

Figure 2 is a detail sectional view through the heater taken on line 2-2, Figure l, 5 Figure 3 is a. vertical sectional view of the entire oil heating assembly, 7 Figure 4 is a detailview partly in section of the air delivery tube, and

Figure 5 is a plan view of the platform show- .40 ing the angle bar construction.

The oil burning stove or heater It comprises a cylindrical body H superposed over a heating chamber l2 in which is housed the oil burning unit and air distributing structure as will be hereinafter described. The heating chamber I 2 is formed as a single unit of sheet iron in the shape of a funnel or hopper having concavely curved walls of increasing diameter from its lowermost edge 13 to its upper end 14 at which latter 50 there is formed ,a cylindrical band or ring l5. Attached in any suitable manner to the lowermost edge I3 is a base plate It which extends radially outwardly of said edge to define a flange l1, and fixed to the wall of the chamber l2 ad- 55 jacent the base plate [6 is an entry [8 provided with a removable or hinged closure 49 allowing communication with the interior of the chamber I2 to affect adjustment and repairs therewithin.

Suitably secured as by rivets or bolts to the band I5 of the chamber [2 are the legs 23 5 which support the oil burning stove or heater on a platform 25. Referring to Figure 5, the platform 25 is built up of angle bars 26 and 21 to provide a'rectangular frame 23. Within the same and running lengthwise thereof are a pair 10 of parallel angle bars 29 and 30 suitably secured in any desired manner to the frame 28. The top of the frame 28 is covered with an upper layer 3| of sheet iron and lower layer 32 of a heat resisting material such as asbestos board, both layers being suitably attached to said frame. If desired, there may be placed beneath the asbestos board 32 a layer of sheet iron similar to the layer 3| to provide a substantial support for the asbestos layer so as to prevent sagging there- 20 of, should such occur.

The chamber I2 is supported through the medium of the base plate 16 on a plurality of vertical spacer sleeves or pedestals 34 which function to space the base plate Hi from the platform 25. 25 Bolts 35 inserted through the spacer sleeves 34 securely attach the base plate IE to the platform 25, the bolts 35 being held by the angle bars 29 and 30, in the manner well known. This construction as well as that of the platform 25 acts 30 to prevent the floor immediately beneath the heater from becoming overheated, thus reducing the fire hazard.

Fitted within the upper end portion of the band I5 is an annular ring 31 provided with a cen- 35 trally disposed radially extending flange 38, dividing said ring into a lower section 3111 and an upper section 31b. The lower ring section 31a engages the inside wall of the band l5, the ring 31 being so positioned that the flange 38 40 abuts the upper edge of the band l5. Rivets or bolts 39 securely attach the ring section 31a to the band l5, see Figure 1. Arranged to slip over the upper ring section 311) and to seat on the flange 38 is the lower end portion of the cylindrical body ll of the stove or heater which may be attached to its associated ring section by the bolts or rivets 40. Only the lower portion of the cylindrical body H is shown.

Attached to the base plate i5 and extending 50 radially into the chamber I2 is an oil discharging nozzle of any desired character, the function of the nozzle being to discharge a spray of oil into the chamber 12. An oil needle control Valve 46 is arranged beneath the base plate It as and suitably connected to the nozzle and to an oil pipe or conduit 41 arranged preferably beneath the platform 25 and extending through the opening 48 therein. The other end of the oil pipe 41 extends through an opening 49 in the platform 25 remote from the'opening 48 for connection to a shut off valve 50 at the base of an oil tank 5! of any desired shape or size mounted on said platform.

In order to supply the oil spray within the chamber l2 with preheated air to provide the necessary combustible mixture, as contemplated by this invention, there is provided an air distributing and heating system of the down-draft principle comprising an air entering conduit 55, an air receiving and heating drum or chamber and an air delivery or down-draft tube 57.

The air drum 56 is formed of sheet metal as a cylindrical drum having a top 58 and a bottom 59, the diameter of the drum being less than the inside diameter of the band l5 within which the drum 56 is to fit. Brackets 60 attached to the inside wall of the band l5 support the air drum 56 in position, as clearly shown in Figure 3. On one side of the drum 56 there is provided an opening 62 through which the inside end of the air entering conduit 55 extends into the drum. To one side of the chamber l2 and spaced therefrom there is provided a pair of vertical preferably sheet metal baflle walls 63 and 64. The inside wall 63 is fixed at its lower end to the bracket 65 attached to the platform 25 and carries the outside wall 64 through the medium of the spacer sleeves 66 and rivets or bolts 61. Both the bottom and top end portions of the wall 64 are deflected outwardly as shown in order to increase and facilitate the flow of air between said walls, the primary function of which is to check the flow of heat rearwardly of the oil heater as well as to deflect the heat in a direction forwardly of the same. As will be observed the baffle walls 63, 64 are between the oil heater and the oil storage tank 5| and as indicated prevent the heat from reaching the tank as well as a wall of a room in the event the heater is placed adjacent thereto. Provided in the band I5 as well as in the walls 63, 64 are openings 68, 69 and 10 respectively, through which the air entry conduit 55 extends and which is supported therein. The outer end of the conduit 55 is provided with a radial flange 55a adapted to abut the wall 64 to limit inward movement of the conduit as well as to provide a means for the fixed attachment of the conduit by means of bolts or screws if so desired.

Formed at the center of the bottom wall 59 of the drum 56 is an opening 12 adapted to receive the air delivery tube 51; and in registry therewith there is provided a larger diameter opening 13 in the top wall 58, normally kept closed by the removable cap or cover 14. The air delivery tube 51, shown in greater detail in Figure 4, is formed as a cylindrical metal tube having a flared upper end 15, and the lower end of which is provided with a circumferential row of cut-out portions I6. A partition 11 is provided within the tube 51 adjacent the cut-out portions 16, for a purpose to be hereinafter described, and above the partition the cylindrical wall of the tube is provided with a plurality of openings 18.

The air delivery tube 51 extends axially within the chamber [2 and at its lower end rests on the flame deflector T9 in surrounding relation to the oil nozzle 45, as clearly shown in Figure 3. The

tube 51 is mounted in position by inserting the same through the openings 12 and 13 of the drum 56, the cap or cover 14 being first removed. In a like manner the tube 51 may be withdrawn for cleaning or adjustment. The entry l8 and closure l9 serves a similar purpose for cleaning the interior of the chamber I2, for inspection or for adjustment of the oil nozzle 45.

In the operation of the oil heater, assuming the oil nozzle 45 adjusted for the proper size spray, cold air is first supplied through the conduit 55 to the interior of the drum 56 where it is heated by virtue of the flames playing within the chamber 12, the heated air then descending through the air delivery tube 51 in accordance with the down-draft principle and out of the openings 18 to properly mix with the oil spray emanating from the nozzle 45 to provide a combustible mixture. The oil spray is discharged into the chamber 12 through the cut-out portions '16 at the bottom of the tube 51, being prevented from reaching the pre-heated air in the tube 5'! by the partition 11, Ignition and the burning of the oil takes place in the chamber l2 and the products of combustion pass upwardly around the drum 56 into the cylindrical body II and outwardly therefrom through a suitable flue (not shown). The supplying of preheated air to the oil spray increases the efficiency of the oil burner, as is well known.

By virtue of the inverted conical or funnel shape of the chamber l2, the curved walls thereof act to deflect the heat downwardly towards the floor Where it is most needed to insure uniform and more comfortable heating.

While a specific embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, it is to be understood that numerous changes and modifications thereof may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claim.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

An oil stove or heater comprising a funnel shaped combustion chamber, a base plate attached to its lower end, an annular band arranged at its upper end, a flanged ring member fitted within said band, a cylindrical body superposed on said flanged ring and supported thereby, an oil nozzle carried by said base plate and arranged co-axially with the axis of said combustion chamber, an air receiving drum supported within said combustion chamber in the plane of said band, an air delivery tube extending downwardly out of said drum co-axial with the axis of said combustion chamber and at its lower end surrounding said nozzle for supplying air to said combustion chamber, an air entering conduit connected at its inner end to said drum and with its outer end arranged outwardly of said combustion chamber, said air delivery tube being provided at its lower end with a circumferential row of cut-out portions surrounding said nozzle, a partition fixed to said tube above said cut-out portions, and a plurality of openings in the wall of said tube above said partition, the construction being such that the oil spray emanating from said nozzle is thrown outwardly through said cut-out portions and is prevented by said partition from intermingling with the air in said tube, which air is discharged through said openings in said tube into said combustion chamber to mix with said oil spray therein to form a combustible mixture, the upper end of said tube being flared and within said drum.

CHARLES, L. I-IAGAN. 

